奏請將私自變賣祖墳塋地者處以重刑(附件：諭旨一道明圖此奏無庸議mingtu i ere wesimbuhe be gisurehekū)
Yongzheng-era memorial

我是正紅旗滿洲左司關防章京明圖，恭恭敬敬地啓奏，爲的是稟報一點我所瞭解的情況。 我趴在地上仔細想過，天底下人的品行，沒有比孝順更重要的了。孝順的道理，養活生者、安葬死者，哪一樣都不是小事。所以作爲子孫後代，聽了祖輩父輩傳下來的教導，就會追思懷念，按着時節祭祀、上墳，要想盡到這份孝心，哪有不經過祖宗墳墓的？更何況，凡是犯了法、獲了罪的人，在把他們家產沒收入官的時候，祖墳所在的房屋、田地，也都照常留下，讓他們各家用來祭祀祖先。這實在是聖明的皇上您推崇孝道、重視人倫的深切心意。 可是據我觀察，有一些不像樣的不肖之徒，竟然把自己祖墳的院牆、房子拆毀，把石頭、磚瓦一類的東西賣掉；也有的把墳地周圍的田地給賣了。他們根本不想一想那是祖輩父輩原本費盡心思、耗盡力氣修建的房屋院牆，也不考慮那是爲了祭祀而置辦的田地，就這麼胡亂拆了、賣了。這跟孝道太有關係了。所以我請求：從今往後，永遠禁止拆賣祖墳的院牆、房屋以及墳地周圍田地。禁令下了以後，如果還有私自拆賣的，那就把買主和賣主一樣從重治罪。這樣的話，那些不像樣的人就會害怕法令，私下買賣這類事就可以杜絕；而做子孫的，也都能各自勉勵，孝道也就更能振興起來了。這件事該不該準行，請聖明的皇上您明察。 爲此恭恭敬敬地上奏。雍正十三年十一月初六日。明圖這份奏摺未議。

正紅旗滿洲左翼司關防署理參領奴才明綸謹奏：為將略知之處恭陳奏聞事。奴才竊思，天下人之行，莫先於孝；孝之道，以養生送死為重。為人子孫者，追述祖父遺訓，按時祭掃，欲盡孝思，莫重於墳塋。況且，凡幹犯法紀獲罪之人，其家產入官時，其墳塋之房屋田產仍照常留存，以為各家祭祀祖先之用。此誠聖主振興孝道、敦重倫常之深意。奴才看得，有些無恥之徒，竟將其祖父墳院牆屋拆毀，變賣磚石等物；亦有將墳塋周圍田產變賣者。全然不念其祖父從前費心盡力所建之屋宇，亦不顧為祭祀所置之田產，任意拆毀變賣者甚多。此事關乎孝道，奴才懇請嗣後永遠禁止拆賣墳院房屋及墳塋周圍田產。禁令之後，如仍有私自拆毀變賣者，將買主賣主一體從重治罪。如此，則無恥之徒畏法，可絕私相買賣之弊，而為人子孫者各自奮勉，孝道益加昌盛。是否可行之處，伏祈聖主明鑑。為此謹奏。雍正十三年十一月初六日。明圖等此奏未議。

A memorial from Minggun, the acting company commander of the left wing in the Plain Red Manchu Banner, respectfully presented: I respectfully submit this memorial to modestly present what little I know. Your servant humbly considers that among all human conduct under Heaven, nothing precedes filial piety; the way of filial piety places importance on nurturing the living and properly bidding farewell to the deceased. When descendants recall the instructions passed down from their ancestors and perform seasonal sacrifices, the greatest expression of their filial devotion lies in the ancestral tombs. Furthermore, when criminals who have violated the law have their household properties confiscated by the government, the buildings and farmland belonging to the ancestral tombs are customarily left untouched, so that each family may continue offering sacrifices to their forefathers. This truly manifests the sacred emperor’s profound intent to promote filial piety and reinforce human ethics. Your servant observes that there are shameless persons who demolish the walls and buildings of their ancestral graveyards and sell the bricks, stones, and other materials; there are also those who sell off the farmland surrounding the tombs. Without any regard for the houses and walls that their ancestors built with such painstaking effort, and without any consideration for the fields established for sacrificial rites, they wantonly tear down and sell these properties. Since this pertains to the principle of filial piety, your servant begs that from now on, demolishing and selling the walls and buildings of graveyards, as well as the surrounding farmland, be permanently prohibited. After the prohibition, if there are still those who privately tear down and sell such property, let both the buyer and the seller be severely punished together. In this way, shameless people will fear the law, the abuse of private buying and selling can be eliminated, and every descendant will exert themselves, allowing filial piety to flourish even more. Whether or not this should be implemented, I humbly beg the enlightened emperor to examine. For this reason, I respectfully submit this memorial. The sixth day of the eleventh month of the thirteenth year of the Yongzheng reign. Mingtu and others have not deliberated on this memorial.